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well what first attracted me to the

2
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shenandoah story was simply

3
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that it was a story of the showa and it

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was a way in

5
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to a overview of the holocaust

6
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which had been something that even

7
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though i i'm not the son

8
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of a survivor i'm certainly related to

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survivors and victims of the holocaust

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through my grandparents with all the

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relatives they lost i was always testing

12
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myself throughout my life

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between my shame about being jewish

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because i was

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being raised in gentile neighborhoods

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going to gentile schools and i was

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the the object of a lot of

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discrimination because i was only a jew

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in

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scottsdale arizona or so it seemed

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krakow

22
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in the period of 41 42 43

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was sort of like havana before castro

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it was an open city full of prostitutes

25
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and um full of gambling and full of and

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and and and ripe with black marketeering

27
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it was it was it was a party town

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schindler was a party animal

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schindler was the great gatsby in many

30
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ways um

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schindler cultivated friends in high

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positions in the ss

33
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who uh were in charge of armaments

34
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contracts and

35
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and and contracts to supply the vermont

36
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and should have played krakow

37
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and and played orenberg and played

38
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berlin the way agents play hollywood

39
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you know he manipulated all the

40
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different factions and brought them all

41
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together to serve him he was in the

42
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oscar schindler business after all

43
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and it's very important to remember that

44
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because schindler knew

45
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exactly what he was doing at the

46
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beginning of the war i truly believe

47
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at the beginning of the war he was only

48
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interested in one person himself

49
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which makes him a very interesting

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character to make a to to tell a story

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about because

52
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what what a change he made in his life

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so the beginning of his career was kind

54
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of the beginning of my career where i

55
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was just

56
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here in hollywood uh uh trying to get

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people to hire me to direct

58
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schindler was in krakow trying to get uh

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trying to get to someone to give him

60
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some some sort of business that he could

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uh parlay into

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a a tremendous concern

63
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schindler was a tremendous manipulator

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of people

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and because women loved him so much he

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would romance seven eight women at the

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same time then he would give six of them

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away

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to to the men who could do him the most

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good so in that sense schindler was also

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a pimp

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um he was he he was able to get jewish

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investors

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through abraham bank here and it sucks

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stern he met investors that

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while the ghetto was still ripe with

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jewish culture and there was still some

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clout with the jewish investors he's

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able to get enough money to

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to purchase the factory the character of

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oscar schindler being german

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and a nazi and a war profiteer and a

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womanizer

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and all these interesting

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inconsistencies and paradoxes and

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and uh um the least likely candidate to

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save anyone

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except himself perhaps in 1943

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the the nazis decided to stop the

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ghettos to bring the

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ghettos to us to a halt and to

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select a workforce from the jews in the

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ghetto

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tens of thousands of them um those who

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could work would be

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would be take their blouse shines their

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work permits

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and um have their blouse lines torn up

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because they would be put in forced

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labor

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camps such as the one that almond get

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ran at posh off

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um others would be selected and sent

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away

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to transport transport meaning they

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would be sent away to treblinka

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gross rose in auschwitz-birkenau and

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they would just go to death

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um children old people but there would

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be a workforce selected and the

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workforce would be sent to

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forced labor camps when i cast a movie

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and i cast

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well people say to me that was good

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casting well

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obviously the architects of the final

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solution

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cast very well the men and women who

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were in charge

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of the final solution

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otherwise these people might have been

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they would be in jail for murder they'd

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be psychopathic

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every day workers at paw shop expected

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would be their last day

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life was like a disposable

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napkin you never knew when your time

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would come

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it was just every day was it was was was

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surviving when you came to the end of

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the day you saw the sunrise

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it was it was one hour of life is still

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life as the time as the jewish saying

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goes

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the uh almond get would often in the

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morning

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go to his balcony with his high-powered

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hunting rifle

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and smoking he would look around to see

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who wasn't working hard enough

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and he was a crack shot and he would aim

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his rifle

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and he would destroy the life of someone

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who he felt was malingering

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or even taking a break and panting and

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out of breath

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and he did this constantly you know no

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one knows how many lives

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almond get actually took himself but

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people think it was certainly over

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over several hundred the jews didn't

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cost anything you paid the ss for the

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jews

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which was about two marks a day less

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than you paid for polls who worked

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directly for you

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and you paid them directly schindler

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being a good businessman

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i don't think wearing his heart on the

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sleeve so early in his

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life made a good business decision just

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to save overhead

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by hiring a workforce that wasn't so

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expensive i asked

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oscar tell me why did you do that

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he said i was a nazi but i couldn't

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stand the killer

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well schindler protected his jews by

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protecting himself first

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he fed his jews more calories a day than

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other

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factories schindler wanted a healthy

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workforce

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schindler i think was also a good man

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bottom line

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he was a good person i think because he

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was a good person he treated his jews

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well

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because he was grateful to them because

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they were making for him a lot of money

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and also because they were people and he

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looked upon them as people he never went

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in for

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the utter mensch philosophy

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some human theory that was coming down

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from

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orienberg in berlin he looked upon these

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people

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as a necessary workforce and as he was

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getting fat off

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their efforts uh they were being well

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fed

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and uh schindler would do little acts of

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kindness so he would walk through the

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ranks of the factory workers feeling

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very proud this was his factory and

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these were his people

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and he'd be smoking a cigarette take two

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puffs off a fresh cigarette and he'd

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drop it and not step on it

201
00:06:40,070 --> 00:06:38,400
knowing that a jewish worker could pick

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it up and trade it for more soup or more

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bread

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um this was just part of his nature he

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was born with this

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you know he he wasn't a saint at birth

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he was he was he was actually the

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opposite

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but he was born with an act of decency

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and he had a perspective between good

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and evil

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in 1944 the extermination process

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increased because

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germany knew it was losing the war and

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hitler's

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main goal at this point was to win the

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war

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of annihilation of the jewish culture

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oscar schindler realized that all his

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00:07:17,749 --> 00:07:16,400
workers were being taken away from him

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and they were going to be sent to a

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number of death camps most most likely

223
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auschwitz birkenau was only 40

224
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kilometers away from

225
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downtown krakow um oscar schindler

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put together a list of workers names

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men and women and children and investors

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from his factory

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and from other factories in the paschal

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forest labor camp district and he bought

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these names

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with money that he had earned based on

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the laborers of

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those jewish workers and gave that money

235
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to among yet because almond gate had to

236
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approve the workers

237
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that schiller was taking with him on the

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pretense that he was going to build a

239
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factory in bryn lopes czechoslovakia

240
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his hometown by the way and take all his

241
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workers there because they were already

242
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a trained workforce he didn't want to

243
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start from scratch between a new

244
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workforce

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that was the cover story he gave to amon

246
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get uh shena was very smart never to be

247
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caught

248
00:08:10,710 --> 00:08:09,440
and never to be thought of as someone

249
00:08:13,350 --> 00:08:10,720
who loved jews

250
00:08:13,830 --> 00:08:13,360
uh he convinced the world that he loved

251
00:08:16,150 --> 00:08:13,840
money

252
00:08:17,510 --> 00:08:16,160
and women and alcohol a real key to the

253
00:08:19,110 --> 00:08:17,520
movie with the relationship between

254
00:08:20,390 --> 00:08:19,120
oscar schindler and sock stern it's like

255
00:08:21,909 --> 00:08:20,400
stern is actually a combination of a

256
00:08:24,950 --> 00:08:21,919
couple of characters most

257
00:08:26,950 --> 00:08:24,960
notably abraham bankier

258
00:08:29,189 --> 00:08:26,960
the key is that it sockster was kind of

259
00:08:32,310 --> 00:08:29,199
like oscar schindler's um

260
00:08:35,029 --> 00:08:32,320
conscience uh stern had a very clever

261
00:08:37,509 --> 00:08:35,039
way of making suggestions to schindler

262
00:08:39,509 --> 00:08:37,519
that would in its own right save jewish

263
00:08:40,709 --> 00:08:39,519
lives

264
00:08:42,230 --> 00:08:40,719
oscar schindler was a wonderful

265
00:08:43,509 --> 00:08:42,240
executive producer to compare it with

266
00:08:45,670 --> 00:08:43,519
our industry

267
00:08:47,590 --> 00:08:45,680
and he hired the best people to do the

268
00:08:48,630 --> 00:08:47,600
best job and in a sense it was oscar

269
00:08:51,030 --> 00:08:48,640
chandler presents

270
00:08:52,310 --> 00:08:51,040
abraham bank you're an id sock stern who

271
00:08:53,910 --> 00:08:52,320
did a lot of the work for oscar

272
00:08:55,590 --> 00:08:53,920
including he ran his factory they kept

273
00:08:58,070 --> 00:08:55,600
his records kept his accounts

274
00:08:59,509 --> 00:08:58,080
certainly all the major uh uh elements

275
00:09:01,269 --> 00:08:59,519
in the in schindler's list are

276
00:09:03,910 --> 00:09:01,279
absolutely true

277
00:09:04,389 --> 00:09:03,920
i had to combine characters i i had to

278
00:09:07,269 --> 00:09:04,399
take

279
00:09:08,550 --> 00:09:07,279
incidents from one character's life and

280
00:09:10,230 --> 00:09:08,560
allow another character

281
00:09:11,590 --> 00:09:10,240
whoever experienced those incidents to

282
00:09:13,110 --> 00:09:11,600
carry those memories

283
00:09:14,710 --> 00:09:13,120
otherwise i would have a hundred story

284
00:09:15,190 --> 00:09:14,720
lines all going in the same direction

285
00:09:17,110 --> 00:09:15,200
and

286
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we would never be able to do the movie

287
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that way

288
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um the movie is as true as the witnesses

289
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testified to thomas connealy which was

290
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our main source

291
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when i began to research the sources i

292
00:09:32,310 --> 00:09:31,200
tried very hard to establish two sources

293
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before i put the

294
00:09:37,030 --> 00:09:35,360
piece of information in the film with

295
00:09:38,790 --> 00:09:37,040
if two people told me the same thing

296
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like like a good reporter that became

297
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part of the story

298
00:09:43,110 --> 00:09:41,519
um there are things that might be

299
00:09:44,630 --> 00:09:43,120
apocryphal no one really knows if oscar

300
00:09:46,230 --> 00:09:44,640
schindler himself went to auschwitz per

301
00:09:47,750 --> 00:09:46,240
canal to save the women

302
00:09:49,430 --> 00:09:47,760
everybody knows that oscar schindler did

303
00:09:51,670 --> 00:09:49,440
save the women from birkenau

304
00:09:53,190 --> 00:09:51,680
some people think he sent a hooker to

305
00:09:55,030 --> 00:09:53,200
sleep with hess

306
00:09:56,389 --> 00:09:55,040
and give him diamonds and that's why the

307
00:09:57,829 --> 00:09:56,399
woman released and other people think

308
00:09:58,870 --> 00:09:57,839
that oscar schindler actually paid a

309
00:10:02,389 --> 00:09:58,880
personal visit

310
00:10:04,230 --> 00:10:02,399
to hess in order to convince him to

311
00:10:05,430 --> 00:10:04,240
let the women go i'm very careful when i

312
00:10:07,590 --> 00:10:05,440
when i compare

313
00:10:10,069 --> 00:10:07,600
my experience making schindler's list

314
00:10:13,190 --> 00:10:10,079
with the experience of the

315
00:10:13,910 --> 00:10:13,200
the actual events in history because all

316
00:10:16,310 --> 00:10:13,920
the pain

317
00:10:18,069 --> 00:10:16,320
that i suffered and my family went

318
00:10:18,870 --> 00:10:18,079
through and my crew and cast went

319
00:10:22,389 --> 00:10:18,880
through

320
00:10:24,790 --> 00:10:22,399
in reenacting the story

321
00:10:25,750 --> 00:10:24,800
is nothing it is a weekend in miami

322
00:10:29,430 --> 00:10:25,760
beach

323
00:10:30,870 --> 00:10:29,440
compared to one day in the life of any

324
00:10:33,509 --> 00:10:30,880
survivor

325
00:10:34,389 --> 00:10:33,519
or any one of the six million memories

326
00:10:36,630 --> 00:10:34,399
um

327
00:10:37,509 --> 00:10:36,640
on any given day of the holocaust and i

328
00:10:39,829 --> 00:10:37,519
always have to put that

329
00:10:41,509 --> 00:10:39,839
very very careful perspective and i use

330
00:10:43,509 --> 00:10:41,519
that feeling because when there were

331
00:10:45,269 --> 00:10:43,519
days for me that was so unbearable

332
00:10:46,710 --> 00:10:45,279
i wanted to quit one o'clock and send

333
00:10:48,150 --> 00:10:46,720
everybody back to the hotel i didn't

334
00:10:49,430 --> 00:10:48,160
want to do the movie anymore

335
00:10:51,590 --> 00:10:49,440
the chinese are different than anything

336
00:10:55,110 --> 00:10:51,600
else i've done setting aside

337
00:10:59,110 --> 00:10:55,120
the the concept the idea

338
00:11:03,509 --> 00:10:59,120
of what children's is about that aside

339
00:11:07,110 --> 00:11:03,519
i took an approach of a documentarian

340
00:11:08,150 --> 00:11:07,120
more than a david lean approach which i

341
00:11:11,350 --> 00:11:08,160
love

342
00:11:12,870 --> 00:11:11,360
quoting and taking in my films because i

343
00:11:15,509 --> 00:11:12,880
wanted the

344
00:11:17,110 --> 00:11:15,519
the experience to be a personal

345
00:11:19,269 --> 00:11:17,120
experience

346
00:11:22,069 --> 00:11:19,279
and not really a scene to the eyes of a

347
00:11:26,870 --> 00:11:22,079
camera i i tried to make the camera

348
00:11:29,829 --> 00:11:26,880
as as much a part of the

349
00:11:31,430 --> 00:11:29,839
storytelling and then a character in

350
00:11:34,069 --> 00:11:31,440
itself most of my movies

351
00:11:35,829 --> 00:11:34,079
the camera is a character but in this

352
00:11:37,269 --> 00:11:35,839
story in this recreation which i think

353
00:11:39,269 --> 00:11:37,279
is more of a document

354
00:11:40,470 --> 00:11:39,279
a remembrance than an actual motion

355
00:11:42,710 --> 00:11:40,480
picture production

356
00:11:44,630 --> 00:11:42,720
i wanted the camera to sort of be

357
00:11:47,910 --> 00:11:44,640
invisible and to do that i took

358
00:11:50,310 --> 00:11:47,920
what i call news camera approach in

359
00:11:51,750 --> 00:11:50,320
in in filming some of the scenes like

360
00:11:52,230 --> 00:11:51,760
liquidation of the ghetto the health

361
00:11:54,470 --> 00:11:52,240
action

362
00:11:55,670 --> 00:11:54,480
at pog shop many many scenes were

363
00:11:58,629 --> 00:11:55,680
handheld

364
00:12:00,069 --> 00:11:58,639
and and not planned i didn't plan shots

365
00:12:01,829 --> 00:12:00,079
didn't sit home at night making shot

366
00:12:02,710 --> 00:12:01,839
lists or doing storyboards as i usually

367
00:12:05,910 --> 00:12:02,720
do

368
00:12:08,150 --> 00:12:05,920
i just created the the the

369
00:12:09,509 --> 00:12:08,160
scene with the actors and all the people

370
00:12:15,670 --> 00:12:09,519
playing

371
00:12:16,550 --> 00:12:15,680
germans and then i would just wander

372
00:12:18,870 --> 00:12:16,560
into the

373
00:12:19,910 --> 00:12:18,880
scene like i was an eavesdropper with

374
00:12:22,389 --> 00:12:19,920
the camera

375
00:12:23,110 --> 00:12:22,399
to try to make the existence of the

376
00:12:25,110 --> 00:12:23,120
camera

377
00:12:26,310 --> 00:12:25,120
very second nature to what was happening

378
00:12:27,590 --> 00:12:26,320
in front of the camera

379
00:12:29,269 --> 00:12:27,600
many of the german actors who

380
00:12:30,710 --> 00:12:29,279
interviewed for schindler's lesson i saw

381
00:12:32,230 --> 00:12:30,720
many other interviews on tape

382
00:12:33,750 --> 00:12:32,240
many of them actually knowing i was

383
00:12:34,550 --> 00:12:33,760
watching the tape or would be watching

384
00:12:37,590 --> 00:12:34,560
the tape

385
00:12:38,710 --> 00:12:37,600
apologized for the generation preceding

386
00:12:40,949 --> 00:12:38,720
theirs

387
00:12:41,990 --> 00:12:40,959
um and talked about their guilt talked

388
00:12:44,069 --> 00:12:42,000
about their feelings

389
00:12:45,590 --> 00:12:44,079
and very openly i was so surprised at

390
00:12:47,509 --> 00:12:45,600
how many german actors

391
00:12:48,629 --> 00:12:47,519
would actually look at the camera into

392
00:12:50,550 --> 00:12:48,639
the video camera

393
00:12:52,389 --> 00:12:50,560
and talk to me 6000 miles away it was it

394
00:12:55,990 --> 00:12:52,399
was sort of a fascinating experience

395
00:12:58,069 --> 00:12:56,000
when i got there and i began to

396
00:13:00,470 --> 00:12:58,079
to work on schindler's list once those

397
00:13:04,550 --> 00:13:00,480
same german actors put on the uniforms

398
00:13:08,470 --> 00:13:06,629
my attitude changed and i couldn't talk

399
00:13:09,829 --> 00:13:08,480
to them i couldn't and between shots

400
00:13:11,269 --> 00:13:09,839
they would be schmoozing with me trying

401
00:13:13,030 --> 00:13:11,279
to ask me questions about e.t

402
00:13:14,230 --> 00:13:13,040
and raiders of the lost star questions

403
00:13:15,910 --> 00:13:14,240
that someone who liked those movies

404
00:13:18,150 --> 00:13:15,920
would ask the director

405
00:13:20,150 --> 00:13:18,160
and i didn't really want to make small

406
00:13:22,150 --> 00:13:20,160
talk i couldn't get past the uniform and

407
00:13:24,310 --> 00:13:22,160
then my prejudice began to come out i

408
00:13:26,790 --> 00:13:24,320
began to look at it and i began to say

409
00:13:28,069 --> 00:13:26,800
my goodness you know um how can i be

410
00:13:29,750 --> 00:13:28,079
blaming

411
00:13:31,110 --> 00:13:29,760
you know the sins of the fathers on to

412
00:13:33,030 --> 00:13:31,120
the sons and daughters why

413
00:13:35,110 --> 00:13:33,040
why do i feel this way and i and yet i

414
00:13:36,550 --> 00:13:35,120
felt anger when i saw the uniform

415
00:13:38,310 --> 00:13:36,560
and i knew there was a german in that

416
00:13:40,150 --> 00:13:38,320
uniform i felt anger and then one day

417
00:13:42,069 --> 00:13:40,160
an amazing thing happened very early in

418
00:13:45,189 --> 00:13:42,079
the schedule thank goodness

419
00:13:47,829 --> 00:13:45,199
we had passover and we went to the

420
00:13:49,189 --> 00:13:47,839
to the to the hotel forum for the seder

421
00:13:51,990 --> 00:13:49,199
there's a rabbi there and

422
00:13:53,910 --> 00:13:52,000
a lot of my crew and cast came in and

423
00:13:55,829 --> 00:13:53,920
then in walks all the german actors

424
00:13:57,189 --> 00:13:55,839
they put on yamakas they sat next to the

425
00:13:58,949 --> 00:13:57,199
israeli actors

426
00:14:00,310 --> 00:13:58,959
and the israelis opened up the haggadahs

427
00:14:03,430 --> 00:14:00,320
the prayer books and

428
00:14:04,949 --> 00:14:03,440
began to show the german actors what

429
00:14:09,350 --> 00:14:04,959
passover was all about

430
00:14:12,710 --> 00:14:09,360
and i i i cried and i cried because

431
00:14:14,949 --> 00:14:12,720
i saw something beautiful that was

432
00:14:16,150 --> 00:14:14,959
essentially an entire generation of

433
00:14:19,110 --> 00:14:16,160
young german

434
00:14:20,550 --> 00:14:19,120
actors that are not culpable and should

435
00:14:21,829 --> 00:14:20,560
never be blamed

436
00:14:23,750 --> 00:14:21,839
and should never have any fingers

437
00:14:26,230 --> 00:14:23,760
pointed at them for something

438
00:14:26,790 --> 00:14:26,240
that they weren't around to stop i don't

439
00:14:30,550 --> 00:14:26,800
think there

440
00:14:32,629 --> 00:14:30,560
can ever be a film or a book

441
00:14:34,949 --> 00:14:32,639
or a television presentation or a

442
00:14:39,189 --> 00:14:34,959
documentary that can ever represent

443
00:14:41,030 --> 00:14:39,199
the true pure horror of the showa

444
00:14:42,629 --> 00:14:41,040
nothing can ever approximate it or even

445
00:14:45,670 --> 00:14:42,639
get close but if this

446
00:14:45,910 --> 00:14:45,680
film can at least give a a musk from it

447
00:14:55,750 --> 00:14:45,920
a

448
00:14:57,829 --> 00:14:55,760
people

449
00:14:59,030 --> 00:14:57,839
if you care about humanity and if you

450
00:15:01,509 --> 00:14:59,040
care about

451
00:15:03,430 --> 00:15:01,519
the holocaust ever happening again and

452
00:15:05,110 --> 00:15:03,440
in a way in a micro inner microcosm it's

453
00:15:08,310 --> 00:15:05,120
happening right now in bosnia

454
00:15:10,470 --> 00:15:08,320
and it happens periodically uh with

455
00:15:11,430 --> 00:15:10,480
the iraqis against the kurds and we see

456
00:15:13,750 --> 00:15:11,440
this happening

457
00:15:16,470 --> 00:15:13,760
in our own lives right now and and we

458
00:15:18,790 --> 00:15:16,480
see that neo-nazism today

459
00:15:20,470 --> 00:15:18,800
you know is attractive to certain people

460
00:15:23,269 --> 00:15:20,480
and there's been a rising

461
00:15:27,990 --> 00:15:23,279
surge of violence from neo-nazi groups

462
00:15:31,430 --> 00:15:30,310
i think there's a lot of reasons that we

463
00:15:35,749 --> 00:15:31,440
can never

464
00:15:39,749 --> 00:15:37,749
we go to some movies and be entertained

465
00:15:41,269 --> 00:15:39,759
and you go to all my movies to be

466
00:15:43,350 --> 00:15:41,279
entertained but with this movie you go

467
00:15:48,470 --> 00:15:43,360
to this movie to be informed

468
00:15:52,310 --> 00:15:49,590
well at the end of the war before

469
00:15:54,629 --> 00:15:52,320
schindler left

470
00:15:56,230 --> 00:15:54,639
bryn lopes left czechoslovakia he was

471
00:15:59,670 --> 00:15:56,240
given a ring made from the

472
00:16:03,430 --> 00:15:59,680
gold in the teeth of one of his own

473
00:16:06,550 --> 00:16:03,440
workers and uh a jeweler

474
00:16:08,069 --> 00:16:06,560
inscribed on this ring in hebrew from

475
00:16:10,790 --> 00:16:08,079
the talmud

476
00:16:12,550 --> 00:16:10,800
he who saves one life saves the world

477
00:16:16,550 --> 00:16:12,560
entire

478
00:16:18,949 --> 00:16:16,560
and it is really why people

479
00:16:20,389 --> 00:16:18,959
should see schindler's list because you

480
00:16:23,189 --> 00:16:20,399
don't have to be wallenberg

481
00:16:25,509 --> 00:16:23,199
you don't have to be oscar schindler you

482
00:16:27,829 --> 00:16:25,519
don't have to be a saint

483
00:16:29,110 --> 00:16:27,839
to save the world you know to save a

484
00:16:32,230 --> 00:16:29,120
life

485
00:16:35,110 --> 00:16:32,240
creates so many countless

486
00:16:37,350 --> 00:16:35,120
generations and that was the message i

487
00:16:40,470 --> 00:16:37,360
wanted people to hear

488
00:16:42,150 --> 00:16:40,480
that generations were saved by oscar

489
00:16:44,790 --> 00:16:42,160
schindler

490
00:16:45,590 --> 00:16:44,800
thirteen hundred people spawned six

491
00:16:48,790 --> 00:16:45,600
thousand

492
00:16:49,509 --> 00:16:48,800
descendants compared to the four

493
00:16:52,230 --> 00:16:49,519
thousand 000

494
00:16:52,710 --> 00:16:52,240
descendants that are alive in poland